شناسایی رنگدانه‌های قرمز، آبی و طلایی دیوارنگاره قاجاری مربوط به شومینه خانه گوهریون تبریز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مرمت و باستان سنجی، دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز

3 کارشناس مرمت آثار تاریخی، دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش شناسایی عوامل رنگی در بقایای دیوارنگاره یک شومینه تاریخی مربوط به دورۀ قاجار و در خانۀ گوهریون تبریز است. در این راستا پس از نمونه‌برداری از رنگ‌های آبی، قرمز و طلایی بخش‌های مختلف دیوارنگاره، از میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی مجهز به طیف‌سنج پراش پرتو ایکس (SEM-EDS) جهت شناسایی عناصر موجود در ساختار نمونه، طیف‌سنجی میکرو رامان و زیر قرمز تبدیل فوریه (FTIR) جهت بررسی خصوصیات ساختاری و میکروسکوپ نوری پلاریزه (PLM) با هدف بررسی خصوصیات نوری نمونه‌ها در دو حالت ساده و متقاطع استفاده شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل، در این دیوارنگاره قاجاری از ترکیبی از سرنج، زرنیخ (اورپیمنت) و سفیدآب شیخ در ایجاد نقش گل با تنالیته‌های مختلقی از رنگ قرمز استفاده شده و در بخش‌هایی از حاشیه دیوارنگاره نیز لکه‌هایی از سرنج قابل مشاهده بود. عامل ایجاد رنگ آبی، اولترامارین (مصنوعی) است و در رنگ آبی آسمانی از ترکیبی از این رنگدانه و گچ استفاده شده است. ارزیابی رنگ طلایی نیز نشان دهندۀ استفاده از آلیاژی از طلا و مس به صورت ورقه‌ای است که در بخش کتیبه همراه با تشکیل محصولات تخریب مس به‌صورت کربوکسیلات می‌باشد که دلیل تغییر رنگ این بخش‌ها به رنگ سبز است. همچنین تشکیل صابون سرب در بخش‌هایی که از سفیدآب شیخ استفاده شده بود، مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of red, blue and golden pigments in Qajar Mural Painting anaclitic fire place in Goharion House in Tabriz

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Koochakzaei 1
  • yaser hamzavi 2
  • faezeh shojae far 3
1 Faculty of cultural materials conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Applied Arts, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Faculty of cultural materials conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University
چکیده [English]

The aim of this this study is to identify the pigments of mural painting remains on a historical fireplace related to the Qajar era in Goharion house, Tabriz. After sampling the blue, red and golden pigments of different parts of the mural, SEM-EDS to identifying the elements in the samples structure, micro Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, for investigation of structural properties, and PLM, for investigation of the optical properties of the samples in both PPL and XPL, were used. The results showed that a mixture of red lead, orpiment and white lead was used to paint flowers with red tones. There are also spots of red lead on the edge of the mural. The blue pigment was ultramarine (synthetic) and a combination of this pigment and gypsum was used in sky blue. The golden color analysis showed the use of gold and copper alloy in the form of sheets. This color is in the inscription part along with the formation of copper degradation products, in the form of carboxylate

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micro-Raman spectroscopy
  • SEM-EDS
  • Pigment
  • Qajar Mural Painting
  • Goharion House in Tabriz

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