کاربرد طیف‌سنجی رامان در شناسایی رنگدانه‌های مورد استفاده در دو قلمدان پاپیه ماشه قاجاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مرمت و باستان سنجی، دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران، صندوق پستی: 4567-15385

2 دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران، صندوق پستی: 4567-15385

چکیده

هدف از این تحقیق، مطالعه دو قلمدان پاپیه ماشه قاجاری در راستای شناسایی رنگدانه‌های استفاده شده در تزئین آنها است. برای شناسایی رنگدانه‌ها، از طیف‌سنجی میکرورامان با سه طول موج لیزر تحریک ۴۵۷، ۵۳۲ و nm ۷۸۵ استفاده شد. همچنین در یکی از رنگزاها به‌دلیل پراکندگی رامان ضعیف، از میکروطیف‌سنجی انعکاسی بهره گرفته شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که در این قلمدان‌ها که با استفاده از روغن کمان پوشش داده شده‌اند، از رنگدانه‌های آبی اولترامارین، سبز کروم (ترکیب کرومات سرب و رنگدانه آبی)، سرنج، کربن سیاه و قرمزدانه برای تزئین استفاده شده است. علاوه بر این، شواهدی نیز از استفاده از سفیداب شیخ به‌ویژه در بخش‌های برجسته شده و مطلا یافت شد. تمام رنگدانه‌های شناسایی شده، از موارد متداول در هنر ایران و دوره قاجار بوده و این مطالعه می‌تواند به شناخت کاربرد آنها در تزئینات هنری و میراث فرهنگی کمک بسزایی کند. از سویی وجود سبز کروم در یک قلمدان و سبک تزئینی ابوطالب مدرسی همدانی در دیگر اثر، تاریخ ساخت هر دو را به پس از میانه‌های قرن 19میلادی می‌رساند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for Identifying Pigments in Qajar Papier-Mache Penboxes (Qalamdan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Koochakzaei 1
  • Parizad Marefat-Izady 2
1 Department of Conservation and Archaeometry, Faculty of Cultural Materials Conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University, P.O. Box: 15385-4567, Tabriz, Iran
2 B.A. in conservation and restoration of cultural properties, Faculty of Cultural Materials Conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University, P.O. Box: 15385-4567, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research aims to study two Qajar papier-mache penboxes to identify the pigments used in their decoration. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was employed with three laser-excitation wavelengths of 457, 532, and 785 nm to identify these pigments. Additionally, due to weak Raman scattering in one of the pigments, reflectance microspectrophotometry was utilized. The results of this study demonstrated that these penboxes, which were coated with oil-resin varnish (Kaman-oil), used ultramarine blue, chrome green (mixture of lead chromate and a blue pigment), red lead, carbon black, and cochineal pigments for decoration. Furthermore, evidence of using white lead, especially in the highlighted areas for attaching golden leaf, was found. All the identified pigments are commonly found in Iranian art and the Qajar period, and this study can greatly contribute to understanding their application in artistic decorations and cultural heritage. Conversely, including chrome green in one penbox and the ornamental technique attributed to Abu-Talib Modaresi Hamadani in the other suggests that both works were likely created after the mid-19th century.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Historical pigments Pigment identification Papier
  • mache Penbox (Qalamdan) Raman spectroscopy

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