Investigation of the Effects of Ethoxylated Surfactants on the Nano-dispersion Properties of Disperse Blue 359 for Inkjet Ink Applications

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Printing Science and Technology, Faculty of color physics, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P. O. Box: 16765-654, Tehran, Iran.

10.30509/jcst.2025.167722.1276

Abstract

Formulating inkjet inks requires achieving stable nanodispersions with fine particle sizes and narrow particle size distributions. This study investigated the effects of two non-ionic surfactants- oleic acid 6-mol ethoxylate (Kl6) and oleic acid 9-mol ethoxylate (Kl9) - on the dispersion properties of disperse blue 359. Dye concentrates were prepared using a jar mill. Color strength at different milling times (72, 96, 120, and 168 hours), particle size distribution, surface tension, dispersion stability (assessed by turbidity measurements), and rheological properties were evaluated by varying the surfactant type and concentration (0.35% and 0.7% by weight). Results demonstrated that Kl6 had a shorter ethoxylate chain and a lower hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) (9.9) than Kl9 (11.6), leading to faster adsorption and greater effectiveness in reducing particle size and surface tension. At a concentration of 0.7%, both surfactants showed similar dispersion stability and particle size. Samples containing surfactants displayed quasi-Newtonian rheological behavior and lower viscosity, ideal for inkjet applications. In conclusion, the optimal use of non-ionic surfactants with appropriate molecular structures can lead to stable nanodispersions with desirable properties for inkjet inks.

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References

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Journal of Color Science and Technology
Volume 19, Issue 3 - Serial Number 73
December 2025
Pages 271-280

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