Evaluation of the Efficiency of Graphene Nano- sheets in the Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Solutions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, P.O. Box: 65741-84621, Malayer, Iran.

10.30509/jcst.2025.167552.1259

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of graphene nano-sheets in the removal of cationic dyes Rhodamine B, Malachite Green, and Methylene Blue from aqueous solutions. The experiments were conducted by investigating the effects of various parameters, including adsorbent dosage (1–5 g/L), pH (3–7), contact time (10–180 minutes), and temperature (20–60 °C). The adsorption efficiency of Malachite Green under optimal conditions (pH = 4, temperature = 40 °C, adsorbent dosage = 2 g/L, contact time = 90 minutes) was 88.15%, which was higher than that of the other dyes. Isotherm studies showed that the adsorption of Malachite Green and Methylene Blue followed the Langmuir model (R² > 0.90), while Rhodamine B followed the Freundlich model (R² = 0.99). According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) for Rhodamine B, Malachite Green, and Methylene Blue were found to be 5.56, 5.65, and 11.78 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic data best fitted the pseudo-second-order model (R² > 0.98), indicating chemisorption. Thermodynamic parameters also confirmed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Overall, the results demonstrated that graphene nano-sheets are an efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from industrial wastewater.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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