Optimization of Wool Yarn Dyeing for Handwoven Carpets Using Opuntia Fruit Extract: Color Properties and Fastness Evaluation

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Shiraz University of Art

2 Associate Professor, Department of textile, Apparel and fashion, Qaemshahr branch, Islamic Azad

3 Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran

4 Ph. D. Student, Department of textile, Apparel and fashion, Qaemshahr branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran

10.30509/jcst.2025.167490.1254

Abstract

This research investigates the use of Opuntia fruit extract as a natural dye in wool fiber dyeing. Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the effects of various parameters including dye concentration (30-100%), mordant concentration (0-10%), temperature (30-100°C), time (20-100 minutes), and pH (3-11) on color properties were studied. Results showed that Opuntia fruit extract can produce a diverse color spectrum ranging from red to brown. Optimal dyeing conditions were achieved at 90°C temperature, 90 minutes' duration, and pH around 4-7. The use of different mordants had a significant impact on color fastness, with iron mordant showing the best wash fastness and copper mordant demonstrating the best light fastness. Statistical analyses confirmed that all investigated parameters have a significant effect (p<0.001) on the final color quality.

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Journal of Color Science and Technology

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 08 July 2025

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