The Efficiency of Congo red Dye Removal Using Inorganic Nano-Adsorbent Beidellite and Organic Graphene

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Postal Code: 65741-84621, Malayer, Iran

10.30509/jcst.2025.167405.1243

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Beidellite and graphene adsorbents in removing Congo red dye from water to enhance water treatment processes. Due to Congo Red's environmental and health risks, its effective removal from water resources is essential. This research examined Beidellite and graphene adsorbents using instrumental analyses such as SEM, FTIR, EDAX, XRD, and zeta potential. The influence of adsorbent concentration, pH, temperature, and contact time on dye adsorption was also investigated. The results demonstrated that graphene achieved a removal efficiency of 87.66 % at a temperature of 50°C and pH=9, while Beidellite exhibited a removal efficiency of 80.78 % at a temperature of 20 °C and pH=6, showing optimal performance in removing Congo red from water. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm provided the best fit for the experimental data. Besides, thermodynamic parameter analysis revealed that the adsorption process for both graphene and Beidellite was spontaneous, with the reaction being exothermic for Beidellite and endothermic for graphene. The adsorption capacities for graphene and Beidellite were determined to be 5.47 mg/g and 6.73 mg/g, respectively. Desorption experiments indicated a high recovery rate, particularly at low dye concentrations. Therefore, further research on these compounds is recommended, given the high efficiency of Beidellite and graphene adsorbents in removing Congo red and their potential for reuse in water treatment processes.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Color Science and Technology
Volume 18, Issue 3 - Serial Number 69
December 2024
Pages 235-252

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