Fabrication of Red and Yellow OLEDs with Using Single Furnace Method

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Industrial Technologies, Urmia University of Technology, Band Road, Urmia, Iran

2 Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Red and yellow organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with using a single furnace method have been fabricated and investigated. The current-voltage, electroluminescence, ­luminescence-current, and CIE characteristics of dopants coumarin 6­, Nile Red and 3, 4 TPP as well as co-doping of three dopants in Alq3 were measured. Red emission with doping of [Nile Red], [C-6: ­Nile Red] and yellow emission with doping of [­3, ­4 TPP] and [C-6:­3, ­4 TPP] in Alq3 were achieved. The co-doping of dopants of [C-6: Nile Red] and [C-6:­3, 4 TPP] in Alq3 decreased the bias and turn on voltage­ compared to pure [Nile Red] and [3, ­4 TPP] in Alq3 devices for the same current density. The highest EL efficiency was found for a [C-6: Nile Red (1:0.5)] and [C-6:­3, ­4 TPP (1:0.5)]. Results of this work indicate that the performance of red and yellow OLEDs fabricated with a single furnace is a promising candidate for fabrication of low-cost yellow and red OLEDs at more homogeneous layer instead of employing of two and three furnaces.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. S. Grigalevicius, D. Tavgeniene, G. Krucaite, D. Blazevicius, R.Griniene, Yi-Ni. Lai, H. H. Chiu, C.H. Chang, Efficient blue and green phosphorescent OLEDs with host material containing electronically isolated carbazolyl fragments. Opt. Mater. 79(2018), 446-449.
  2. J. Hu, S. Hu, C. Lu, Y. Huang, K. Xu, X. Wang, Assistant dopant system in solution processed phosphorescent OLEDs and its mechanism reveal. Opt. Mater. 75(2018), 513-520.
  3. T. Lin, Q. Song, Z. Liu, B. Chu, W. Li, Y. Luo, C. S. Lee, Z. Su, Y. Li, Effects of acceptor on the performance of exciplex-based OLED. Synth. Met. 234(2017), 95-99.
  4. M. Regnat, K. P. Pernstich, B. Ruhstaller, Influence of the bias-dependent emission zone on exciton quenching and OLED efficiency. Org. Electron. 70(2019), 219-226.
  5. Y. Jia, S. Wu, Y. Zhang, S. Fan, X. Zhao, H. Liu, X. Dong, S. Wang, X. Li, Achieving non-doped deep-blue OLEDs by applying bipolar imidazole derivatives. Org. Electron. 69(2019), 289-296.
  6. H. Peng, A. R. Yu, S. B. Liu, Y. He, X. Q. Chen, Y. M. Hu, Q. Zeng, J. J. Qin, Y. J. Tang, H. N. Xuxie, G. Y. Zhong, X. Y. Hou, Coulomb effect induced intrinsic degradation in OLED. Org. Electron. 65(2019), 370-374.
  7. M. H. Tsai, Y. H. Hong, C. H. Chang, H. C. Su, C. C. Wu, A. Matoliukstyte, J. Simokaitiene, S. Grigalevicius, J. V. Grazulevicius, C. P. Hsu, High-efficiency blue organic light-emitting diodes using a 3,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl) tetraphenylsilane  host  via  a solution-process. Adv. Mater.19(2007), 862.
  8. E. L. Williams, K. Haavisto, J. Li, G. E. Jabbour, Excimer-based white phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with nearly 100 % internal quantum efficiency. Adv. Mater. 19(2007), 197-202.
  9. M. Janghouri, S. Minasian, M. Mahmoudi, S. Eyvazi, Photo/electroluminescence and electron transport properties of new zinc complexes. Opt. Mater. 89 (2019), 488-493.
  10. M Janghouri, White-light-emitting devices based on Nile Red and π electron rich [Zn4core] complex, Opt. Quant. Electron. 49 (2017), 410
  11. ه. پوررادی، ک. قانی، م. مهدوی. سنتز نانوساختار هیدروکسید الی‌های دوگانه روی-آلومینیم و بررسی اثر آن بر بازدهی سلول خورشیدی پروسکایتی. نشریه علمی علوم و فناوری رنگ. (۱۳۹۷) ۲۶۹،۱۲-۲۶۱
  12. J. Peng, X. Xu, X. J. Feng, L. Li, Fabrication of solution-processed pure blue fluorescent OLED using exciplex host. J. Lumin. 198(2018), 19-23.
  13. A. B. Chwang, R. C. Kwong, J. J. Brown, Graded mixed-layer organic light-emitting devices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(2002) ­725.
  14. M. Janghouri, M. M. Amini, Effect of zinc oxide doping on electroluminescence and electrical behavior of metalloporphyrins-doped samarium complex. J. Electron. Mater. 47 (2018), 2761-2767.
  15. L. J. Zhua, J. Wanga, T. G. Renga, C. Y. Li, D. C. Guoa and C. C. Guoa, Effect of substituent groups of porphyrins on the electroluminescent properties of porphyrin‐doped OLED devices. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 23(2010), 190.
  16. ن. نصیری‌زاده، م. دهقانی، س. جعفری، تخریب ماده رنگزای بازیک قرمز 13 با فرآیند ترکیبی سونوالکتروشیمی در حضور نانوذرات TiO2. نشریه علمی علوم و فناوری رنگ. (۱۳۹۵)۱۰، ۱۴۴-۱۳۷.
  17. F. A. Angel, J. U. Wallace, C. W. Tang, Effect of lithium and silver diffusion in single-stack and tandem OLED devices. Org. Electron. 42(2017), 102-106.
  18. J. Zhao, X. Du, S. Yuan, C. Zheng, H. Lin, S. Tao, Highly efficient green and red OLEDs based on a new exciplex system with simple structures. Org. Electron. 43(2017), 136-141.
  19. م‍. حسین نژاد، س. مرادیان، ک. قرنجیگ، مروری بر سلول‌های خورشیدی دوپشته حساس‌شده به مواد رنگزا. نشریه علمی علوم و فناوری رنگ. (۱۳۹۵)۴، ۷۵-۸۲.
  20. M. Jafari, Bahram Bahrami, Emission properties of porphyrin compounds in new polymeric PS:CBP host. Appl. Phys. A. 119 (2015) 1491–1497.
  21. J. Hu, S. Hu, C. Lu, Y. Huang, K. Xu, X. Wang, Assistant dopant system in red phosphorescent OLEDs and its mechanism reveal. J. Lumin. 197(2018), 187-192.
  22. C. T. Chen, Evolution of red organic light-emitting diodes: materials and devices. Chem. Mater. 16(2004), 4389-4400.
  23. Q. Ran, Y. L. Zhang, X. Hua, M. K. Fung, L. S. Liao, J. Fan, Modulation of p-type units in tripodal bipolar hosts towards highly efficient red phosphorescent OLEDs. Dyes Pigm. 162(2019), 632-639.
  24. M Janghouri, E Mohajerani, H Hosseni, Improved electro-optical performance of oleds using pdco alloy nanoparticles supported on polypropylenimine dendrimer–grafted graphene. J Inorg Organomet Polym. 28 (2018), 783-789.
  25. Z. Shahedi, M. Reza Jafari, Synthesis Al complex and investigating effect of doped ZnO nanoparticles in the electrical and optical efficiency of OLEDS. Appl. Phys. A. 123 (2017) 98.
  26. Z. Abedi, M. Janghouri, E. Mohajerani, M. Alahbakhshi, A. Azari, A. Fallahi, Study of various evaporation rates of the mixture of Alq3: DCM in a single furnace crucible. J. Lumin. 147(2014), 9-14.
  27. M. Janghouri, E. Mohajerani, A. Khabazi, Z. Abedi, H. Razavi, Effect of doping different dyes in Alq3 on electroluminescence and morphology of layers using single furnace Method. J.Lumin. 140(2013), 7-13.
  28. A. D. Adler, F. K. Longo, J. A. Finarelli, A simplified synthesis for meso-tetraphenylporphine. J. Org. Chem. 32(1976), 476-476.
  29. A. D. Adler, F. R Longo, W. Shergalis. Mechanistic investigations of porphyrin syntheses. I. preliminary studies on ms-tetraphenylporphin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 863(1964), 3145-3149.
  30. M. D. Galanin, Luminescence of molecules and crystals, cambridge international science publishing, cambridge, 1996. 69.
  31. D. Moses, High quantum efficiency luminescence from a conducting polymer in solution: A novel polymer laser dye. Appl. Phys. Lett. 51(2014), 0881.
  32. Y. F. Chang, C. H. Yu, S. C. Yang, I. H. Hong, S. C. Jiang, H. F. Meng, H. L. Huang, H. W. Zan, S. F. Horng, Great improvement of operation-lifetime for all-solution OLEDs with mixed hosts by blade coating. Org. Electron. 42(2017), 75-86.
  33. X. Huixia, W. Fang, W. Kexiang, M. Yanqin, L. Jie, Z. Jing, W. Hua, H. Yuying, X.Bingshe, Three acceptors based bipolar materials with tunable excited state natures and applications as non-doped blue emitters and hosts in OLEDs. Dyes Pigm. 155(2018), 84-92.
  34. R. Braveenth, H. W. Bae, I. J. Ko, W. Qiong, Q. P. B. Nguyen, P. G. S. Jayashantha, J. H. Kwon, K. Y. Chai, Thermally stable efficient hole transporting materials based on carbazole and triphenylamine core for red phosphorescent OLEDs. Org. Electron. 51(2017), 463-470.
  35. Y. Y. Ma, X. C. Hua, T. S. Zhai, Y. H. Li, X. Lu, S. Duhm, M.K. Fung, Doped copper phthalocyanine via an aqueous solution process for high-performance organic light-emitting diodes. Org. Electron. 68(2019), 236-241.
  36. M. G. Helander, Z. B. Wang, J. Qiu, M. T. Greiner, D. P. Puzzo, Z. W. Liu, Z. H. Lu, Chlorinated indium tin oxide electrodes with high work function for organic device compatibility. Sci. 332(2011), 944-947.
  37. M. Zhu, C. Yang, Blue fluorescent emitters: design tactics and applications in organic light-emitting diodes. Chem. Soc. Rev. 12(2013), 4963-4976
Journal of Color Science and Technology
Volume 14, Issue 1
June 2020
Pages 73-82

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics