Nano Structured Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxide Synthesis and Its Effect on the Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Applied Science, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Shahin Shahr, Isfahan, Iran

2 Faculty of Applied Science, Malek Ashtar University of Technology,Shahin Shahr, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Nano-sized Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxide crystals were synthesized using a modified two step process of "fast coprecipitation and subsequent controlled hydrothermal method". Dynamic light scattering result showed a particle size of 71.68 nm to the obtained stable and translucent suspension. The structural morphology of the deposited nano-crystallites was studied using field-emission-SEM images. The phase purity of the as-synthesized LDH material and its calcined product was determined by using XRD, FT-IR and TG-DTG analyses. A perovskite solar cell was fabricated using the LDH paste as mesoscopic layer for the first time. To have a vast observation on the solar cell efficiency, a series of LDH-based perovskite solar cells were fabricated using the admixture of LDH and TiO2 with (100-x)LDH + xTiO2 (x = 0, 25, 50, 75) admixture recipe. The solar cell parameters showed an increase in the efficiency of the cell as the LDH content decreased in the admixture composition. 

Keywords


  1. H. S. Kim, C. R. Lee, J. H. Im, K. B. Lee, T. Moehl, A. Marchioro, S. J. Moon, R. Humphry-Baker, J. H. Yum, J. E. Moser, M. Grätzel, N. G. Park, Lead iodide perovskite sensitized all-solid-state submicron thin film mesoscopic solar cell with efficiency exceeding 9%. Sci. rep. 2(2012), 591-597.
  2. W. S. Yang, B. W. Park, E. H. Jung, N. J. Jeon, Y. C. Kim, D. U. Lee, S. S. Shin, J. Seo, E. K. Kim, J. H. Noh, S. I. Seok, Iodide management in formamidinium-lead-halide–based perovskite layers for efficient solar cells. Sci. 356(2017), 1376-1379.
  3. م. حسین­نژاد، س. مرادیان، ک. قرنجیگ، بررسی خواص فوتوولتاییک سلول‌های خورشیدی برپایه مخلوط مواد رنگزای ایندولینی. نشریه علمی پژوهشی علوم و فناوری رنگ، (1394)9، 307-312.
  4. M. M. Lee, J. Teuscher, T. Miyasaka, T. N. Murakami, H. J. Snaith, Efficient hybrid solar cells based on meso-superstructured organometal halide perovskites. Sci. 338(2012), 643-647.
  5. S. H. Hwang, J. Roh, J. Lee, J. Ryu, J. Yun, J. Jang, Size-controlled SiO2 nanoparticles as scaffold layers in thin-film perovskite solar cells. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2(2014), 16429-16433.
  6. L. S. Oh, D. H. Kim, J. A. Lee, S. S. Shin, J. W. Lee, I. J. Park, M. J. Ko, N. G. Park, S. G. Pyo, K. S. Hong, J. Y. Kim, Zn2SnO4-based photoelectrodes for organolead halide perovskite solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. C. 118(2014), 22991-22994.
  7. L. Zhu, Z. Shao, J. Ye, X. Zhang, X. Pan, S. Dai, Mesoporous BaSnO3 layer based perovskite solar cells. Chem. Comm. 52(2016), 970-973.
  8. A. Bera, K. Wu, A. Sheikh, E. Alarousu, O. F. Mohammed, T. Wu, Perovskite oxide SrTiO3 as an efficient electron transporter for hybrid perovskite solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. C. 118(2014), 28494-28501.
  9. ه. دانشور، م.س. سیددراجی، ع. امانی قدیم، م. ح. رسولی فرد، بررسی رفتار جذبی هیدروکسید لایه ای دوگانه روی کبالت آلومینیم در حذف ماده آلی رنگزا: مدل سازی، بهینه سازی و مطالعات سینتیک و ایزوترم. نشریه علمی پژوهشی علوم و فناوری رنگ. (1396)11، 237-225.
  10. V. Rives, Layered double hydroxides: present and future., Nova Publishers, 2001.
  11. Q. Wang, D. O’Hare, Recent advances in the synthesis and application of layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets. Chem. rev. 112(2012), 4124-4155.
  12. م. موسایی، م.ع. فقیهی ثانی، س. باغشاهی، م. احسانی، ساخت رنگدانه نانوساختار آبی آلومینات کبالت به روش هیدروترمال. نشریه علمی پژوهشی علوم و فناوری رنگ. (1391)6، 263-270.
  13. L. Teruel, Y. Bouizi, P. Atienzar, V. Fornes, H. Garcia, Hydrotalcites of zinc and titanium as precursors of finely dispersed mixed oxide semiconductors for dye-sensitized solar cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 3(2010), 154-159.
  14. J. Liu, Y. Qin, L. Zhang, H. Xiao, J. Song, D. Liu, M. Leng, W. Hou, N. Du, Mixed metal oxides for dye-sensitized solar cell using zinc titanium layered double hydroxide as precursor. SPIE-The International Society for Optics and Photonics. 8923(2013), 892308.
  15. L. Zhang, M. Leng, Y. Qin, J. Liu, Investigation of the dye-sensitized solar cell prepared by the mixed oxide from the znal-layered double hydroxide. Adv. Mat. Res. 816-817(2013), 115-118.
  16. L. Zhang, J. Liu, H. Xiao, D. Liu, Y. Qin, H. Wu, H. Li, N. Du, W. Hou, Preparation and properties of mixed metal oxides based layered double hydroxide as anode materials for dye-sensitized solar cell. Chem. Eng. J. 250(2014), 1-5.
  17. K. J. AL-Salihi, Synthesis of layered double hydroxide and their application in DSC. IJSER. 7(2016). 694-698.
  18. L. Jafari Foruzin, Z. Rezvani, K. Nejati, Fabrication of TiO2@ZnAl-layered double hydroxide based anode material for dye-sensitized solar cell. RSC Adv. 6(2016), 10912-10918.
  19. Y. Zhu, D. Wang, X. Yang, S. Liu, D. Liu, J. Liu, H. Xiao, X. Hao, J. Liu, Investigation of the dye-sensitized solar cell designed by a series of mixed metal oxides based on ZnAl-layered double hydroxide. Appl. Phys. A. 123(2017), 641-648.
  20. J. Cao, Y. Zhu, X. Yang, Y. Chen, Y. Li, H. Xiao, W. Hou and J. Liu, The promising photo anode of graphene/zinc titanium mixed metal oxides for the CdS quantum dot-sensitized solar cell. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells. 157(2016), 814-819.
  21. J. Cao, Y. Zhao, Y. Zhu, X. Yang, P. Shi, H. Xiao, N. Du, W. Hou, G. Qi, J. Liu, Preparation and photovoltaic properties of CdS quantum dot-sensitized solar cell based on zinc tin mixed metal oxides. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 498(2017), 223-228.
  22. J. Cao, Y. Zhu, X. Yang, S. Liu, D. Liu, X. Tang, H. Xiao, W. Hou, G. Qi, J. Liu, Graphene/zinc aluminum mixed metal oxides photo anode for CdS quantum dot-sensitized solar cell. Mater. Res. Express. 4(2017), 045501.
  23. Z. P. Xu, G. S. Stevenson, C. Q. Lu, G. Q. Lu, P. F. Bartlett, P. P. Gray, Stable suspension of layered double hydroxide nanoparticles in aqueous solution. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128(2006), 36-37.
  24. ز. مسگری، م. قراگوزلو، ع. خسروی، ک. قرنجیگ، سنتز و شناسایی نانوکامپوزیت هیبریدی جدید حاوی نانوذرات تیتانیم دی اکسید اصلاح شده و رنگدانه آلی تترا ایزوایندول. نشریه علمی پژوهشی علوم و فناوری رنگ. (1390)5، 227-233.
  25. م. قراگوزلو، ی. گنج خانلو، تهیه پوشش های دی اکسید تیتانیوم آلاییده شده با آهن به روش پوشش دهی چرخشی پیش ماده پلیمری و بررسی فعالیت فوتوکاتالیزوری آنها تحت تابش نور مرئی. نشریه علمی پژوهشی علوم و فناوری رنگ. (1391)6، 313-319.
  26. S. Ito, T. N. Murakami, P. Comte, P. Liska, C. Grätzel, M. K. Nazeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Fabrication of thin film dye sensitized solar cells with solar to electric power conversion efficiency over 10%. Thin Solid Films. 516(2008), 4613-4619.
  27. R. Sedighi, F. Tajabadi, S. Shahbazi, S. Gholipour, N. Taghavinia, Mixed‐halide CH3NH3PbI3−xXx (X= Cl, Br, I) Perovskites: vapor‐assisted solution deposition and application as solar cell absorbers. Chem. Phys. Chem. 17(2016), 2382-2388.
  28. G. Sun, L. Sun, H. Wen, Z. Jia, K. Huang, C. Hu, From layered double hydroxide to spinel nanostructures: facile synthesis and characterization of nanoplatelets and nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. B. 110(2006), 13375-13380.
  29. J. Perez-Ramirez, G. Mul, F. Kapteijn, J. Moulijn, A spectroscopic study of the effect of the trivalent cation on the thermal decomposition behaviour of Co-based hydrotalcites. J. Mater.Chem. 11(2001), 2529-2536.
  30. P. R. Wei, S. H. Cheng, W. N. Liao, K. C. Kao, C. F. Weng, C. H. Lee, Synthesis of chitosan-coated near-infrared layered double hydroxide nanoparticles for in vivo optical imaging. J. Mater. Chem. 22(2012), 5503-5513.
  31. C. Dong, X. Yuan, X. Wang, X. Liu, W. Dong, R. Wang, Y. Duan, F. Huang, Rational design of cobalt–chromium layered double hydroxide as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for water oxidation. J. Mater. Chem. A. 4(2016), 11292-11298.
  32. X. Zhao, F. Zhang, S. Xu, D. G. Evans, X. Duan, From layered double hydroxides to ZnO-based mixed metal oxides by thermal decomposition: transformation mechanism and UV-blocking properties of the product. Chem. Mater. 22(2010), 3933-3942.
  33. Z. P. Xu, G. Stevenson, C. Q. Lu, G. Q. Lu, Dispersion and size control of layered double hydroxide nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. J. Phys. Chem. B. 110(2006), 16923-16929.
  34. ن. نصیری­زاده، م. دهقانی، س. جعفری، تخریب ماده رنگزای بازیک قرمز 13 با فرآیند ترکیبی سونوالکتروشیمی در حضور نانوذراتTiO2 . نشریهعلمیپژوهشیعلوموفناوریرنگ. (1395)10، 137-144.