مطالعه دمای ساخت و فرآیند‌های تشکیل پوشش روغنی ـ رزینی ایرانی «روغن کمان»

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 456- 51335

2 دانشکده حفاظت و مرمت، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 1744

3 گروه رزین و افزودنی‌ها، پژوهشگاه رنگ، تهران، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 654-167654

چکیده

روغن کمان یکی از پوشش‌‌‌های محافظ مهم در آثار هنری ایران محسوب می‌‌شود که بر اساس مکتوبات تاریخی از ترکیبی از رزین دی‌‌ترپنویید سندروس و روغن بزرک در دمای جوش به دست می‌‌آید. همواره مساله روش ساخت و دمای پخت این محصول در منابع مختلف مورد بحث بوده است. بر همین اساس هدف این مقاله بررسی دمای پخت و تغییرات شیمیایی رخ داده در محصول طی آن است تا بتوان محصولی استاندارد جهت مصرف عمومی هنرمندان سنتی تهیه کرد. بر مبنای منابع پیشین سه رزین سندروس مراکشی، کلوفان و کوپال مانیل در کنار روغن بزرک برای تهیه روغن کمان انتخاب شده و با استفاده از آزمون‌های حرارتی DSC و TG/DTA تغییرات محصول در نسبت‌‌‌های مختلف از رزین و روغن در حین حرارت مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و تغییرات رخ داده در نهایت با طیف‌سنجی زیر قرمز تبدیل فوریه مورد بررسی قرار گرفته‌اند. نتایج نشان داد که دمای پخت محصول عمدتا وابسته به تغییرات حرارتی روغن بوده و در حدود 390- 380 درجه سانتی‌گراد رخ می‌دهد و واکنش‌‌‌های متیل‌زدایی، آروماتیک شدن و کربوکسیل‌زدایی برای تشکیل محصول نهایی رخ می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on Making Temperature and Formation Processes of Persian Resin-Oil Coating of “Kaman Oil”

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Nemati Babaylou 1
  • Mehrnaz Azadi Boyaghchi 2
  • Farhood Najafi 3
  • Mohsen Mohammadi Achachlouei 2
1 Faculty of Cultural Materials Conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University, P. O Box: 51665-456, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Faculty of Conservation, Art University of Isfahan, P. O Box: 1744, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P. O Box: 167654-654, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

"Kaman Oil" is one of the essential protective coatings of artworks in Iran, based on the old texts. It is made from diterpenoid resin and linseed oil at boiling point. This product's making method and temperature have always been discussed in various sources. Accordingly, this article aims to investigate temperature and chemical changes occurring in its production to obtain a standard product for use in traditional art. Therefore, according to the literature, three resins of Moroccan Sandarac, Colophony and Manilla Copal, and linseed oil were selected to produce "Kaman Oil." Thermal analysis of DSC and TG/DTA was used to examine changes in product properties during the heat treatment for different amounts of resin and oil. Finally, the chemical changes were studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The result shows that the making temperature mostly depends on the oil changes and occurs between 380-390°C. Also, demethylation, aromatization, and decarboxylation reaction appeared at these temperatures to form the final product.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Kaman Oil coating
  • Sandarac
  • Colophony
  • Copal
  • Linseed Oil
  • DSC
  • TG/DTA
  • FTIR
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